Matter effects at long baseline experiments

Abstract

We consider the effect of neutrino propagation through the matter of earth's crust on nu (mu) --> nu (e) oscillations in long baseline experiments within a three flavour oscillation framework. We show that, given the constraints from solar neutrino and CHOOZ data, matter effects enhance the mixing for neutrinos rather than for anti-neutrinos. To discern the matter effects, we need data from two different experiments with different baseline lengths (such as K2K and MINOS).